Part B
Fire protection within a building can be categorised into two
different types:
Active fire protection
Detection and suppression
Fire and smoke detectors, alarms
sprinklers and fire extinguishers
Passive fire protection
Materials, construction and building design
Used to prevent fires developing and the passage of flames and
smoke from one area of a building to another.
Maintain the building structure to allow escape and fire
fighting
Protect life, the building, it’s assets and business
activities
Approved document B
Gives guidance on meeting the requirements of
the Building Regulations, they
- Are only concerned with life safety, not the
protection of the building or it’s contents.
- Classify the use of a building into purpose
groups and specify minimum periods of fire resistance to be
achieved. These will be between 30 minutes and 120 minutes,
the exact time period will be dependant on the type of building,
the height and if there are sprinklers fitted.
- Are applicable to all types of building
including: Residential, Healthcare, Education and Offices.
- Control the materials used to form the
internal surfaces of the building to reduce the risk of fire growth
and internal fire spread.
- Due to changes in the method of measuring the
temperature within a furnace, the test has become more severe
especially during the first thirty minutes of a test.
The Building Regulations, have adopted the new
test method but the periods of fire resistance have remained
constant. In effect the level of fire safety has been raised in the
UK.
A change to the Building Regulations means
companies can trade on tests conducted to either EN or BS
British Gypsum has retested the bulk of its
systems range and the 2005 edition of the White Book will show
tables to both EN and BS.
In addition to the severity of the new EN fire
resistance tests, the test standard also imposes strict rules
governing the use of tests to cover specific end use scenarios
(field of application).
One of these rules applies to the maximum
partition height that can be claimed for a partition.
BS 476 ignored the effect of height on the
performance of a partition, so a system tested at 3m could be built
to 20m with no difference in claimed fire performance.
EN standards do not allow this and the maximum
partition height is now determined by one of four methods
1. Test at 3m and claim a maximum height of
3m.
2. Test at 3m and providing partition does not
deflect more than 100mm claim up to 4m.
3. Test at 3m and carry out assessment to
determine maximum height
3. Test at the design height.
An extensive series of tests on partitions
with heights up to 6m has been conducted to provide data for the
new White Book performance tables.
This change in the method of assessing maximum
heights means that the same partition may have different quoted
heights at different fire resistance durations.